Rotavirus which is one of the most common
causes ofacute gastroenteritis falls into this category.
Rotavirus is a virus that infects the lining of the stomach and
intestines destroying the cells which absorb the nutrients that
we take in. The incubation period is 2-4 days and it is transmitted
by picking it up from someone else.This virus is particularly hearty
and can stay alive on an outside surface for several days.
Symptoms
A child may experience include fever, rash, vomiting for the first
24-48 hours, and non-bloody diarrhea that may last up to 14 days.
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Treatment
Because there is no medication that can cure it, treating the symptoms
is the mainstay of therapy. The main symptom to be concerned with
is dehydration. The amount of fluid and salts lost in the diarrhea
can be significant, thus both of these things must be replaced.
This is done by:
1. Remember treatment is not geared to make the diarrhea stop. Therefore,
do not become distressed that the diarrhea has not gone away after
a few days. It may last up to two weeks.
2. Replace fluids with a substance that contains both water and
salts. The best thing is to continue a regular diet, however, if
vomiting is an issue, a simple salt containing solution should be
started. These include pedialyte, ricelyte, etc. Substances like
gatorade have salts, but they have a lot of sugar as well which
can make the diarrhea worse.
3. And finally, and this is the most important point. Getting the
infected child back onto solid foods (or formula) again is the best
way to treat the diarrhea. Initially, the vomiting will hold you
back from advancing to the regular diet. But once this has subsided,
you will be able to move onto foods again. This does two things.
It provides the salts the body is lacking, but it also nourishes
the cells that have been damaged by the virus. Study after study
shows that feeding a regular diet as a soon as possible decreases
the length of time the diarrhea lasts.
If a person in your family has unfortunately acquired this virus,
the best thing you can do to keep other members from getting it
is wash your hands.
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